Lab classes: collaboration in labs

Structure collaborative lab tasks so every student can contribute, feel valued, and avoid ambiguous social rules⁷.

Set the stage for success

State expectations for respectful interaction and model them consistently.

• Be mindful of how lab teams are formed—whether assigned or self-organised—to ensure that no student, especially those from minority groups, is left isolated. A short pre-lab survey can help support balanced groupings where suitable.
• Explain the “why”: Clearly articulate the purpose of the group work and how the skills being developed are relevant to the discipline, easing collaboration anxiety.
• Structure group formation, monitor dynamics, and proactively support students who seem isolated.

Provide clear structure and roles

• Where possible, structure lab teams with defined roles – such as equipment lead, recorder – and consider rotating these roles where it supports inclusion and skill-building, while recognising that some students may need predictable or mobility-appropriate roles.
• Reassure students that if data collection becomes difficult, alternative arrangements will be made.

Facilitate and support the process

• Facilitate reflection: End each session with a five-minute reflection on successes and improvements.
• Provide adequate time: Ensure sufficient time for reading, thinking, and discussion, which many students need.
• Believe and support students: Trust students who seek help with dynamics; recognise that executive-function challenges, not unwillingness, may underlie difficulties^2,3,9

Consider a quiet stream

In large classes, consider adding an alternative, quieter, drop-in laboratory to support equitable participation.

Why it matters—Purposeful group work lets students feel needed, befriended, and heard, strengthening purpose and contribution. Clear roles, team contracts, and reflections counter double-empathy misunderstandings, while contingency resources lower anxiety⁷

Downloads

• Collaboration in Labs Template
• How Teachers Can Make Group Projects Fair and Inclusive – Education Recoded
• Group Formation Tool Guide – FeedbackFruits

REFERENCES